Tài liệu Tổng quan thế hệ địa chỉ Internet mới IPv6: 7QJTXDQ
7KKxDFKLQWHUQHWP⁄L
LSY
&KLWLW
.KLTXWFKXQJ
wÊDFKWKKP–LFãD,QWHUQHW,3Y,3DGGUHVVYHUVLRQ~}†F1KĐP
FKX\zQWUFKYN¿WKXW,(7),QWHUQHW(QJLQHHULQJ7DVN)RUFHFãD+LS
K›L,QWHUQHW~[XWWK…FKLQNWK‚DWUzQFXWUảFYW“FKằFFãD,3Y
,3Y FĐ EÂW ~ÊD FK Y–L NK QxQJ OÀ WKX\W FĐ WK FXQJ FSP›W
NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKO ~ÊDFK&⁄Q,3YFĐELW~ÊD
FKGLK|QOQVRY–L,3YQK}QJNKQxQJOÀWKX\WFĐWKFXQJFSP›W
NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKO
~ÊDFKQKLXK|QNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKFãD,3YONKRQJWắWắWắ
OQY O\WU⁄QV‹O F⁄QO\WU⁄QV‹ONKRQJ
WắWắWắWắ~ÊDFK6‹~ÊDFKQ\QXUL~XWUzQEPWTX~WWKPôL
PWYX{QJFĐNKRQJWắWắ~ÊDFK YGLQWÂFKE
PWTX~WNKRQJWắPWYX{QJ
wy\ O...
23 trang |
Chia sẻ: hunglv | Lượt xem: 1187 | Lượt tải: 0
Bạn đang xem trước 20 trang mẫu tài liệu Tổng quan thế hệ địa chỉ Internet mới IPv6, để tải tài liệu gốc về máy bạn click vào nút DOWNLOAD ở trên
7QJTXDQ
7KKxDFKLQWHUQHWP⁄L
LSY
&KLWLW
.KLTXWFKXQJ
wÊDFKWKKP–LFãD,QWHUQHW,3Y,3DGGUHVVYHUVLRQ~}†F1KĐP
FKX\zQWUFKYN¿WKXW,(7),QWHUQHW(QJLQHHULQJ7DVN)RUFHFãD+LS
K›L,QWHUQHW~[XWWK…FKLQNWK‚DWUzQFXWUảFYW“FKằFFãD,3Y
,3Y FĐ EÂW ~ÊD FK Y–L NK QxQJ OÀ WKX\W FĐ WK FXQJ FSP›W
NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKO ~ÊDFK&⁄Q,3YFĐELW~ÊD
FKGLK|QOQVRY–L,3YQK}QJNKQxQJOÀWKX\WFĐWKFXQJFSP›W
NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKO
~ÊDFKQKLXK|QNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKFãD,3YONKRQJWắWắWắ
OQY O\WU⁄QV‹O F⁄QO\WU⁄QV‹ONKRQJ
WắWắWắWắ~ÊDFK6‹~ÊDFKQ\QXUL~XWUzQEPWTX~WWKPôL
PWYX{QJFĐNKRQJWắWắ~ÊDFK YGLQWÂFKE
PWTX~WNKRQJWắPWYX{QJ
wy\ O P›W NK{QJ JLDQ ~ÊD FK F…F O–Q Y–L P•F ~ÂFK NK{QJ FK FKR
,QWHUQHWP
F⁄QFKRWWFFFPQJP\WÂQKKWK‹QJYLQWK{QJKWK‹QJ~LXNKLQ
YWKPFKÂFKRW‚QJYWG•QJWURQJJLD~QK1J}fiLWDQĐLUQJW‚QJFKLF
~LXKR Wã OQK P\JLWKD\Q'L F|P~LQYYFãD W‚QJJLD~QKP›W
FàQJVPDQJP›W~LFK,3Y~FKãQKyQFãDFKảQJFĐWKNWQ‹LYUD
OQKW‚[D1KXFXKLQWLFKFQNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK,3YF⁄Q
G…SK⁄QJFKRW}|QJODL
,,&‹XWUếFÀDFK”,3Y
wÊDFK,3Y~}†FFKLDUDO–S$%&’(F⁄Q,3YOL~}†FSKyQUDO
ORLFKÂQKVDX
8QLFDVW$GGUHVV wÊD FK ~|Q K}–QJ / ~ÊD FK G‡QJ ~ QKQ
GQJW‚QJ1RGHP›W1RGHwLP1ảWOWSK†SFFWKLWEÊFKX\QPFK
QPflWUXQJWyPQK}5RXWHUFK
QJKQF•WKOP›WJĐLV‹OLX~}†FJ„L
W–LP›W~ÊDFK~|QK}–QJV~}†FFKX\QW–L1RGHPDQJ~ÊDFK~|QK}–QJ
8QLFDVW~Đ
$Q\FDVW$GGUHVV wÊDFKEWN‰K}–QJQR /~ÊDFKG‡QJ~
QKQGQJP›W7SK†S1RGHEDRJ'PQKLX1RGHNKFQKDXK†SWKQK
F• WK OP›WJĐL V‹ OLX~}†FJ„L W–LP›W~ÊD FK %W FằK}–QJQR V
~}†F FKX\Q W–L P›W 1RGH JQ QKW WURQJ 7S K†S 1RGH PDQJ ~ÊD FK
DQ\FDVW~Đ
0XOWLFDVW$GGUHVV wÊD FK ~D K}–QJ / ~ÊD FK G‡QJ ~ QKQ
GQJP›W7SK†S1RGHEDRJ'PQKLX1RGHNKFQKDXK†SWKQK F•
WKOP›WJĐLV‹OLX~}†FJ„LW–LP›W~ÊDFK~DK}–QJV~}†FFKX\Q
W–LWWFFF1RGHWURQJ7SK†S1RGHPDQJ~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVW~Đ
8QLFDVW$GGUHVV
7URQJORL~ÊDFKQ\OLFĐUWQKLXNLXFKảQJWDKD\[HPP›WV‹NLX
FKÂQKVDX~y\
D/RFDOXVHXQLFDVWDGGUHVVwÊDFK~|QK}–QJG‡QJQ›LE›~}†F
V„G•QJFKRP›W7“FKằFFĐPQJP\WÂQKULzQJG‡QJQ›LE›FK}DQ‹L
Y–LPQJ,QWHUQHWWRQFXKLQWLQK}QJVQVQJQ‹L~}†FNKLFQ
wÊDFKQ\FKLDWKQKKDLNLX/LQN/RFDOQKQGQJ~}fiQJNWQ‹L
Q›LE›Y6LWH/RFDOQKQGQJWURQJSKPYLQ›LE›FĐWKFĐQKLXQKĐP
1RGH6XEQHW
0X~ÊDFKFKR/LQN/RFDO+QKY
ELW
1111111010
10 Bit
00000 . . . . . 0000
54 Bit
Interface ID
64 Bit
+QKY&XWUảF~ÊFFKFãD/LQN/RFDO
0X~ÊDFKFKR6LWH/RFDO+QKY
10 Bit
Interface ID
64 Bit38 Bit
00000 . .0
16 Bit
Subnet ID1111111011
+QKY&XWUảF~ÊDFKFãD6LWH/RFDO
&FELW~XWLzQWU}fiQJK†SQ\OELWW}|QJW…QK}FFELWQKQGQJ
O–S ~ÊD FK &ODVV%LW FãD ,3Y QK}QJfl ,3Y ~}†F JÔL O 3UHIL[ G‡QJ ~
SKyQELWFFORLFFNLX~ÊDFKNKFQKDXWURQJ,3Y
7URQJFKDLWU}fiQJK†SQzXWUzQWU}fiQJ,QWHUIDFH,’~QKQGQJWKLW
EÊQK}1RGHKD\5RXWHUQK}QJ~XV„G•QJF‡QJWzQ0LQ
E,3;$GGUHVV,QWHUQHZRUN3DFNHWH;FKDQJHWUDR~“LFFJĐLV‹
OLXJL”DFFPQJJLDRWKằFF|EQWURQJK~LXKQK1RYHOO1HWZDUH
wÊDFK
,3;~}†FFKX\QVDQJ,3YWKHRGQJVDX+QKY
7 Bit
0000010
121 Bit
To be define
7…~ÊQKQJKĂD
+QKY&XWUảF~ÊDFK,3;
F,3Y$GGUHVVZLWKHPEHGGHG,3YwÊDFK,3YJQNP,3Y
wy\ OP›W FX WUảFTXDQ WUÔQJ WURQJE}–FFKX\Q WLS~“L W‚~ÊDFK Fà
VDQJ~ÊDFKP–LWUzQ,QWHUQHW&ĐKDLNLXVDX
.LX~ÊDFK,3YW}|QJWKÂFKY–L,3Y1K”QJ1RGHPDQJ~ÊD
FK,3YV„G•QJNLX~ÊDFKQ\~ WL~ÊDFK ,3YflELWVDXQK}Y\
P–LNWQ‹L~}†FY–LFF1RGHPDQJ~ÊDFK,3Y+QKY
80 Bit
000. . . . . . . . . . . . .000
16 Bit 32 Bit
0 0 0 0 IPv4 Address
+QK&XWUảF~ÊDFK,3YW}|QJWKÂFKY–L,3Y
.LX~ÊD FK ,3YJL OP ,3Y 1K”QJ1RGHPDQJ~ÊD FK
,3YV„G•QJNLX~ÊDFKQ\~ W}|QJ WKÂFKY–L ,3YFĐY\P–LNWQ‹L
~}†FY–LFF1RGHPDQJ~ÊDFK,3Y+QKY
80 Bit
000. . . . . . . . . . . . .000
16 Bit 32 Bit
IPv4 AddressF F F F
+QKY&XWUảFFãD~ÊDFK,3YJLO,3Y
6…NKFQKDXFãDKDLNLX~ÊDFKQ\OELWFãDNLXWKằQKWJLWUÊWWF
FFELW~X F⁄QNLXWKằKDLJLWUÊWWFFFELW~X 0¯+H[DOO
))))
G$JJUHJDWH*OREDO8QLFDVW$GGUHVVwÊDFK~|QK}–QJWUzQPQJ
WRQFX.LX~ÊDFKQ\~}†FWKLWN~FKRF,63KLQWLYW}|QJODL
,63WURQJW}|QJODLFĐTX\P{O–QK|QQK}OFF,QWHUQHW&DUULHU7U}fiQJ
K†SQ\~}†FJÔL OFF7UXQJ WyPFKX\Q~“L ([FKDQJHV WUzQ ,QWHUQHW
FXQJFSNKQxQJ WUX\QKSYGÊFKY• ,QWHUQHWFKRFNKFKKQJ HQG
XVHUOQ,63KLQWLP›WV‹F{QJW\O–QFãD0¿~¯FĐTX\P{Q\+QK
Interface ID
64 Bit16 Bit3 Bit 32Bit13 Bit
SLA IDFP TLA ID NLA ID
+QK&XWUảF~ÊDFK~|QK}–QJWUzQPQJWRQFX
)3)RUPDW3UHIL[1KQGQJNLX~ÊDFK
,QWHUIDFH,’1KQGQJ1RGH
6/$,’6LWH/HYHO$JJUHJDWH1KQGQJFSY‡QJ
1/$,’1H[W/HYHO$JJUHJDWH1KQGQJFSWLSWKHR
7/$,’7RS/HYHO$JJUHJDWH1KQGQJFSFDRQKW
,,$Q\FDVW$GGUHVV
.LX~ÊDFKQ\FàQJW}|QJW…QK}8QLFDVWQX~ÊDFKSKyQFKRP›W
1RGHWK~ĐO8QLFDVW F‡QJ~ÊDFK~ĐSKyQFKRQKLX1RGHWK~Đ OL O
$Q\FDVW9~ÊDFK$Q\FDVW~SKyQFKRP›W1KĐP1RGHEDRJ'PQKLX
1RGHK†SWKQKP›W6XEQHW0›WJĐLV‹OLXJ„LW–LP›W~ÊDFK$Q\FDVW
V~}†FFKX\QW–LP›W1RGH5RXWHUJQQKWWURQJ6XEQHWPDQJ~ÊDFK
~Đ
n Bit
Subnet Prefix
( 128 - n ) Bit
000000. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . 000
+QK&XWUảF~ÊDFK$Q\FDVW
,,,0XOWLFDVW$GGUHVV
wÊDFK~DK}–QJFãD,3Y~QKQGQJP›W7SK†S1RGHQĐLFFKNKF
P›WQKĐP1RGH7‚QJ1RGHP›WWURQJQKĐP~XFĐF‡QJ~ÊDFKQK}QKDX
+QK
8 Bit
11111111
4 Bit 4 Bit 112 Bit
Flgs Scop Group ID
+QK&XWUảF~ÊDFK~DK}–QJ
EÂW3UHIL[~XWLzQ~QKQGQJNLX~ÊDFK~DK}–QJELWWLS)OJV
FKRFfiY–LJLWUÊ
7EDELW~XF⁄QFK}DG‡QJ~QQzQ F⁄QELWWKằFĐ
JL WUÊ71X 7 FĐQJKĂD~ÊDFKQ\~¯~}†F1,&
SKyQF‹
~ÊQK
1X7 FĐQJKĂD~y\FKO~ÊDFKWPWKfiL
%‹QELWWLS6FRSFĐJLWUÊWKSSKyQW‚~QWÂQKWKHR+H[DOOW‚
~Q) 1XJLWUÊFãD6FRS &KR1RGH/RFDO
&KR/LQN/RFDO
&KR6LWH/RFDO
2UJDQL]LWLRQ/RFDO
(*OREDOVFRSwLFK,QWHUQHWWRQFX
&⁄QOL~X~DQJG…SK⁄QJ
9ÂG•&FPQJ/$1~DQJG‡QJWKHRFKXQ,(((0$&0HGLD
$FFHVV&RQWURONKLG‡QJ,3YNLX~DK}–QJVV„G•QJELWFX‹LWURQJ
W“QJV‹ELWGQKFKRQKQGQJQKĐP1RGH*URXS,’~WRUD~ÊD
FK0$&ELWF⁄QOLFK}DG‡QJW–LSKL~W +QK
8 Bit
11111111
4 Bit 4 Bit
Flgs Scop
32 Bit
80 Bit
00000 . . . . 00 MAC Address
+QK&XWUảF~ÊDFK0$&FãD/$1
,3Y&KLWLW
FXWU'FYyxFxLPF|FG}QJ
xDFK,3Y
,*LˇLWKL‚XFKXQJ
&XWU˜FFKXQJF´DflDFK',3Y
wÊDFKWURQJ,3YFĐFKLXGLELWVFĐWK~ÊQKGDQKFKRP›WJLDRGLQ
F•WKKRFP›WWSFFJLDRGLQ~LXQ\NKFY–L,3YP›W~ÊDFK,3Y
FK~ÊQKGDQKGX\QKWFKRP›WJLDRGLQWUzQPQJ7WFFFORL~ÊDFK
,3Y~}†FJQW–LQK”QJJLDRGLQNK{QJJQFKRFFQRGH9PôLJLDR
GLQFĐWKWKX›FYP›WQRGH~|QQzQEWN‰NLX~ÊDFKXQLFDVWFãDJLDR
GLQFĐWKV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQKQRGH~ĐWUzQPQJ0›WJLDRGLQFĐWK
~}†FFKSQKQY–LEWN‰ORL~ÊDFKQR
3KzQORLflDFK',3Y
0›WWURQJQK”QJ~F~LPQ“LEWQKWFãD,3YOPflU›QJFXWUảF~ÊDFK
9–LWKLWNP–L,3YFKRSKSWxQJFKLXGLP›W~ÊDFK,3W‚ELWVOzQ
ELW9–LNLQWUảF~ÊDFKP–LQ\NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKWxQJOzQW–LP›W
FRQV‹Y{F‡QJO–Q’RY\NKFSK•FKQFKV‹O}†QJ~ÊDFKFãD,3Y
7X\QKLzQV‹O}†QJ~ÊDFKYFXWUảF~ÊDFKO–QFàQJOPFKRF|FKSKyQ
E“YTXQOÀ~ÊDFKWUflQzQSKằFWSK|QVRY–L,3Y&F~FWYNLQ
WUảF~ÊDFK,3Y~}†FP{WWURQJWLOLX5)&7KHRNLQWUảF~ÊDFK
FãD,3YFĐORL~ÊDFKQK}VDX
• iDFK8QLFDVW~ÊDFKQ\~}†FJQFKRPôLJLDRGLQ~|Q0›WJĐLWLQ
FĐ~ÊDFKQ\V~}†FFKX\Q~QP›WJLDRGLQF•WK
• iDFK$Q\FDVW~ÊDFKQ\~}†FJQFKRP›WQKĐPFFJLDRGLQWK{QJ
WK}fiQJOQK”QJQRGHVNKFQKDXYQK”QJJĐLWLQFĐ~ÊDFKQ\V~}†F
FKX\Q~‹LJLDRGLQJQQKWFĐ~ÊDFKQ\.KLQLPJQQKWfl~y\G…D
YRNKRQJFFKJQQKW[F~ÊQKTXDJLDRWKằF~ÊQKWX\QV„G•QJ
• iD FK 0XOWL&DVW ~ÊD FK Q\ ~}†F JQ FKR P›W QKĐP FF JLDR GLQ
WK{QJWK}fiQJOQK”QJQRGHVNKFQKDX0›WJĐLWLQFĐ~ÊDFKPXOWLFDVW
V~}†FFKX\QW–LWWFFFJLDRGLQFĐJQ~ÊDFKPXOWLFDVWQ\
/RL~ÊDFKiDQ\FDVWjFàQJV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGQJP›WQKĐPFFKRVWKRF
FFJLDRGLQWUzQPQJ6…NKFQKDXJL”DiDQ\FDVWjYiPXWLFDVWjOTX
WUQKFKX\QJĐLG”OLX7KD\YFKX\QW–LWWFFFWKQKYLzQWURQJ
QKĐPFFJĐL~}†FJ„LW‚P›W~ÊDFKiDQ\FDVWjFK~}†FSKWFKRP›W~LP
OWKQKYLzQJQQKWFãDQKĐP.KLQLPJQQKWfl~y\~}†F[F~ÊQK
WK{QJTXDJLDRWKằF~ÊQKWX\QV„G•QJ
.K{QJFĐORL~ÊDFKERDUGFDVWQK}WURQJ,3YYFKằFQxQJFãDORL~ÊDFK
Q\~¯EDRJ'PWURQJQKĐP~ÊDFKPXOWLFDVW
3KzQE•flDFK',3Y
.ÂFKWK}–FFãD~ÊDFK,3YFĐFKLXGLGLJSOQNÂFKWK}–FFãD~ÊDFK
WURQJ,3Y[ ’R~ĐOFĐNKRQJ[WNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK
NKRQJ~ÊDFK
wy\OP›WNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKY{F‡QJO–Q7KHRWÂQKWRQOÀWKX\W}–F
WÂQKFĐNKRQJ~ÊDFKWUzQP›WPEPW
WUL~WJLV„UQJEPWWUL~WU›QJOP
7X\QKLzQNK{QJSKLWRQE›FF~ÊDFKQ\~X~}†FV„G•QJQK”QJ\zX
FXWURQJWK…FWYJQY~ÊQKWX\Q~ÊDFK\zXFXYLFWRP›WNLQWUảF
SKyQWQJOPFKRJLPKLXTXFãDYLFV„G•QJNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK7KHR
WK‹QJNz~ÊDFKELWVFãD,3YFĐWKQPWURQJNKRQJ[~Q
[~ÊDFKWằFOW‹LWKLXOFĐ~ÊDFKWUzQP›WPEPWWUL~W
’RY\NKQxQJKW~ÊDFKWURQJ,3YOP›W~LXNK{QJW}flQJ
9LF[F~ÊQKORL~ÊDFKG…DYRFFELWV~XWLzQFãD~ÊDFK~Đ&|FK
Q\JÔLO~ÊQKGQJWLQW‹)3IRUPDW3UHIL[3KyQE‹FãD)3QK}VDX
3KyQE‹ 7LQW‹ &KLPWWUÔQJWURQJ
NK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK
’…WU”
&K}D~ÊQKGDQK
’…WU”SKyQE“FKR16$3
’…WU”FKRSKyQE“,3;
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
wÊDFK8QLFDVWGQKFKRFF7/$WRS
/HYHO$JJHDEOH
&K}DJQ
’…WU”FKRFFPQJR
wÊDFK8QLFDVW
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
&K}DJQ
wÊDFK/LQNORFDO8QLFDVW
wÊDFK6LWHORFDO8QLFDVW
wÊDFK0XOWLFDVW
%rQJ 3KkQ E FtF SUHIL[
7KHRV…SKyQE“Q\FĐP›WSKQ~}†FGQKFKR~ÊDFK16$3~ÊDFK,3;
Y~ÊDFKWURQJFFPQJR9313KQF⁄QOLFãDNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK
FK}D~}†FJQV~}†FV„G•QJWURQJW}|QJODL1K”QJSKQQ\FĐWK~}†F
V„G•QJ~PflU›QJQK”QJ~ÊDFK~DQJV„G•QJQK}WKzPFFQKFXQJFS
~ÊDFKKD\QK”QJQJ}fiLV„G•QJP–LYÂG•QK”QJPQJF•FE›KD\QK”QJ
QJ}fiLG‡QJ~|QO&KảÀUQJQKĐP~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWNK{QJ~}†FFKUDfl
WURQJEQJSKyQE“Q\YV…SKyQE“FãDFKảQJ~¯~}†FEDRWU‡PEflLNK{QJ
JLDQ~ÊDFKORLXQLFDVW
7KHRG…~RQFĐNKRQJNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKV~}†FV„G•QJYRJLDL
~RQ~XF⁄QOLNKRQJV~}†FG…WU”FKRW}|QJODL
wTXQOÀNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKKLXTXYK†SOÀFFQKWKLWNJLDRWKằF
,3Y~¯~}DUDF|FKFSSKW~ÊDFKQK}VDX
&tFKFSSKzWFKXQJ
5ảWNLQKQJKLPW‚YLFSKyQE“~ÊDFKFãD,3YFFQKWKLWN,3Y~¯
[y\G…QJP›WF|FKSKyQE“~ÊDFKKRQWRQPflQJKĂDOQĐNK{QJSK•
WKX›FYRJLDL~RQEDQ~XKRQWRQFĐWKWKD\~“LWX‰WKX›FYRQK”QJ
ELQ~›QJWURQJW}|QJODLYYLFFSSKWYV„G•QJ~ÊDFKFKRFFGÊFK
Y•FFY‡QJNKFQKDX0WNKFQK”QJQJ}fiLWKLWN,3Y~¯G…~RQ
WU}–FQK”QJNKQxQJFĐWKSKLV„D~“LP›WYL~LPQK}FXWUảFFFORL
~ÊDFKPflU›QJP›WV‹ORL~ÊDFKWURQJW}|QJODLwLXQ\OKRQWRQ
~ảQJ~Q~‹LY–LP›WJLDRWKằF~DQJWURQJJLDL~RQ[y\G…QJYKRQ
WKLQ
3KyQORL~ÊDFK,3YNK{QJSKLFK~FXQJFS~\~ãFFGQJNKX{Q
PXYGQJWLQW‹FãDFFORL~ÊDFKNKFQKDX9LFSKyQORL~ÊDFK
WKHRFFGQJWLQW‹P›WPWFKRSKSFFKRVWQKQGQJUDFFORL~ÊD
FKPằQJY–LPôLORL~ÊDFKFKRFFằQJ[„NKFQKDXl9ÂG•Y–L~ÊD
FKFĐGQJWLQW‹)(KRVWVQKQGQJ~ĐO~ÊDFKOLQNORFDOFK
~NWQ‹LFFKRVWWURQJF‡QJP›WPQJKRFY–L~ÊDFKFĐGQJWLQW‹
)((VKLX~ĐO~ÊDFKFãDPQJ%RQHFXQJFS0WNKFY–L
~ÊQKGQJFF~ÊDFKWKHRWLQW‹FàQJFKRSKS~|QJLQWURQJFFEQJ
~ÊQKWX\QYNKL~ĐFF~XYRFãDFFEQJURXWHUVOQK”QJWLQW‹~|Q
JLQFKLXGLFãDQĐVELQ~“LW‚W–LELW&KFĐQJRLOGX\QKW
NKLQK”QJ~ÊDFK~ĐOLzQTXDQOQK”QJ~ÊDFK~FELW&FKRVWYURXWHU
WK…FV…SKLQKQUDFF~ÊDFKiPXWLFDVWjQK”QJ~ÊDFKQ\NK{QJWK
~}†F[„OÀJL‹QJQK}FF~ÊDFKiXQLFDVWiYiDQ\FDVWj&KảQJFàQJSKL
QKQUDFF~ÊDFK~FELWWLzXELXQK}~ÊDFKiOLQNORFDOj7LOLXFX
WUảFFàQJ~GQKWLQW‹FKRFF~ÊDFK~ÊDOÀF|VflFF~ÊDFKW}|QJWKÂF
Y–L16$3~ÊDFK~LPWUX\QKSGÊFKY•PQJ1HWZRUNVHUYLFH$FFHVV
3RLQWYFF~ÊDFKW}|QJWKÂFK,3;
%QJFSSKW~ÊDFK~¯FKUDWOV„G•QJFãDFFORL~ÊDFKWURQJNK{QJ
JLDQ~ÊDFK3KQFKLPNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFKO–QQKW~}†FV„G•QJFKRORL
~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVWGQKFKRFFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•,3YSURYLGHU
EDVHGSKyQWKHRQKFXQJFSQK}QJFàQJFKFKLPP›WSKQWUxPFãD
W“QJNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK7WFF⁄QK|QNK{QJJLDQF⁄QOLFK}D~}†F
FSSKWSKQQ\FĐWKFXQJFSQK”QJF|K›LSKRQJSKảFKRYLFFS
SKWP–LWURQJW}|QJODL
&SSKzWvDFKWKHRQKwFXQJFS
7KHRFXWUảFEQJSKyQE“~ÊDFKflWUzQP›WWURQJV‹QK”QJORL~ÊDFK
,3YTXDQWUÔQJQKWOGQJ~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW’QJ~ÊDFKQ\FKR
SKS~ÊQKGDQKP›WJLDRGLQWUzQPQJ,QWHUQHWPQJ,3YFĐWÂQKGX\
QKWWUzQWRQFXÀQJKĂDORL~ÊDFKQ\FàQJJL‹QJQK}~ÊDFK,3Y~ÊQK
GDQKP›WKRVWWURQJPQJ,QWHUQHWKLQQD\.K{QJJLDQFãDGQJ~ÊDFK
*OREDO8QLFDVWOUWO–Q~TXQOÀYSKyQE“K†SOÀFFQKWKLWN,3Y
~¯~}DUDP{KQKSKyQE“~ÊDFKWKHRFSFFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•
,QWHUQHW
’QJ~ÊDFKQ\J'PELWWLQW‹WKHRVDXEflLWKQKSKQPPôL
WKQKSKQQ\~}†FTXQOÀEflLFFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•WKHRFFFS~›
NKFQKDX7X‰WKHRYLFSKyQE“~ÊDFKFFWKQKSKQQ\FĐP›WFKLX
GLELQ~“L~LXQ\P›WOQQ”DFKRWK\WÂQKi~›QJjWURQJYLFFSSKW
YTXQOÀ~ÊDFK,3Y
Q ELW P ELW R ELW S ELW PQRS ELW
,' ~xQJ NÀ ,' F´D QK FXQJ FS ,' F´D WKXz EDR ,' F´D PQJ FRQ ,' F´D JLDR WLS
%rQJ &~X WUĂF pD FK ,3Y GuQJ *OREDO 8QLFDVW
7KQKSKQ~XWLzQO,’FãDFFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•KQJ~XWLzQ7RS/HYHO
iUHJLVWU\j&àQJJL‹QJQK},3Y&ĐEDW“FKằFTXQOÀYLFFSSKW~ÊDFK,3Y
&FW“FKằFQ\FSSKWFFJLWUÊ7/$,’~XWLzQ&•WKFFW“FKằFQ\QK}
VDX
• .KXY…F%F0¿O,QWHUQHW1,&QHWZRUNLQIRUPDWLRQFHQWHUW“FKằFQ\
~LXNKLQEflL16,G}–LP›WK†S~'QJY–L861DWLRQDO6FLHQFH)RXQGDWLRQ
• .KXY…FFKyXrXO1&&QHWZRUN&RRUGLQRFWLRQ&HQWHUFãD5,3(KLS
K›LPQJ,3FKyXrX
• .KXY…FFKyXY7KL%QK’}|QJOW“FKằF$3,1&
• 1JRLUDF⁄QFĐP›WW“FKằFFKXQJFĐWKFSSKW~ÊDFKFKRFFNKXY…F
NKFQKDXO,$1$
&FQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•,QWHUQHW,3YSKLFĐP›WiSURYLGHV,’jQKQ
GQJQKFXQJFSW‚QK”QJ~xQJNÀWUzQ7KHRNKRFKFSSKW~ÊDFK
i3URYLGHU,’jOP›WV‹ELWELWWLSWKHRV~}†FFKREQJWURQJJLDL
~RQ~XlELWVQ\FK}DV„G•QJ~}†F~GQKFKRFFPflU›QJW}|QJ
ODL&KLWLWYYLFTXQOÀYSKyQE“~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVWWKHRFFFS
~›QKFXQJFSV~}†FWUQKE\WURQJSKQ&XWUảFGQJ~ÊDFK*OREDO
8QLFDVW
7URQJFXWUảFKLQWLQK”QJ~LP~xQJNÀFKÂQK~}†FE“[XQJEflLP›WV‹
O–QFF~LP~xQJNÀY‡QJKRFTX‹FJLDYÂG•)UHQFK1,&TXQOÀEflL
,15,$FKRFFPQJFãD3KS1K”QJ~LP~xQJNÀQ\VNK{QJ~}†F
QKQGQJEQJP›WV‹~xQJNÀ7KD\YR~ĐKÔVQKQ~}†FSKPYLQKQ
GQJFãDFFQKFXQJFSW‚FFF|Vfl~xQJNÀFKÂQK
9–LFXWUảFGQJ~ÊDFKP–LQ\FKRSKSFFNKFKKQJO–QFĐWKFĐ
~}†FFF~ÊQKGDQKQJQK|QY~LX~ĐVFKRKÔNKQxQJWKzPYRFF
O–SPQJP–LWURQJSKyQWQJPQJFRQFãDKÔ7K…FWFFNKFKKQJO–Q
F⁄QFĐWK~⁄L~}†FFKSQKQQK}QKFXQJFSFãDFKÂQKKÔYO\~}†F
,’QKFXQJFSW‚FF~LP~xQJNÀPNK{QJSKLOWKX›FYRQKFXQJ
FSGÊFKY•,QWHUQHW,63
&FFFKYLƒWflDFK',3Y
wÊDFK,3YFĐFKLXGLELWQzQYQ~QK–~ÊDFKOKWVằFNKĐ
NKxQ1XYLWWKHRGQJWK{QJWK}fiQJFãD~ÊDFK,3YWKP›W~ÊDFK,3Y
FĐQKĐPV‹KF|V‹’RY\FFQKWKLWN~¯FKÔQFFKYLW
ELW~ÊDFKWKQKQKĐPPôLQKĐPFKLPE\WHVPôLE\WHVELXGLQEQJ
V‹KPôLQKĐPQJxQFFKQKDXEflLGXKDLFKP9ÂG•
)(’/%$)(’&%$$%&’
.ÀKLXKH[DFĐO†LOJÔQJQJYQKQ~SK|Q7X\QKLzQFFKYLWQ\
FàQJJy\QK”QJSKằFWSQKW~ÊQKFKRQJ}fiLTXQOÀKWK‹QJPQJ1KQ
FKXQJPÔLQJ}fiLWK}fiQJV„G•QJWKHRWzQFFKRVWWKD\EQJFF~ÊDFK
~LXQ\~}†FSG•QJW‚,3YNKLP~ÊDFKF⁄Q~|QJLQK|QUWQKLX
0›WFFK~OPFKR~|QJLQK|QOFFTXLWFFKRSKSYLWWW9NKflL
~LPEDQ~XFKảQJWDVNK{QJV„G•QJWWFELWFKLXGL~ÊDFKGR~Đ
VFĐUWQKLXV‹NK{QJflFFELWV~X
0›WFLWLQ~XWLzQO~}†FSKSEƠTXDQK”QJV‹NK{QJ~ằQJWU}–FPôL
WKQKSKQKYLWWKD\YYLW~\~ãYÂG•YLWWKD\Y
YLWWKD\Y4XDFFKYLWQ\FKRFKảQJWDQK”QJ~ÊDFKQJQ
JÔQK|Q9ÂG•
&$
1JRLUD[XWKLQP›WTXLWFUảWJÔQNKF~ĐOTX\}–FYYLWKDLGXKDL
FKPGRXEOHFRORQ7URQJP›W~ÊDFKP›WQKĐPOLzQWLSFFV‹FĐWK
~}†FWKD\WKEflLKDLKDLGXFKP9ÂG•WDFĐWKWKD\WKQKĐPV‹
OLzQWLSWURQJYÂG•WU}–FY~}†FP›WPXQJQK|Q
&$
7‚~ÊDFKYLWWWQ\WDFĐWKYLWOL~ÊDFKFKÂQK[FEDQ~XQKfiTXLWF
VDXFxQWULFFV‹EzQWULFãDGXFKPNSWURQJ~ÊDFK6DX~ĐFxQ
SKLWWFFFV‹EzQSKLGXFKPY~LQ~\EQJFFV‹9ÂG•
)(’&%$FĐ~ÊDFK~\~ãO
)(’&%$
)(’&%$FĐ~ÊDFK~\~ãO
)(’&%$
)(’&%$FĐ~ÊDFK~\~ãO
)(’&%$
4X\}–FKDLGXFKPNSFKFĐWK~}†FV„G•QJP›WOQY–LP›W~ÊDFK
9ÂG•%$FĐWK~}†FYLWWWWKQK%$
KRF%$QK}QJNK{QJWKYLWO%$YQK}
WKVJy\QKPOQNKLGÊFKUD~ÊDFK~\~ã
&ĐP›WV‹~ÊDFK,3YFĐ~}†FKQKWKQKEQJFFKJQELWYR~ÊD
FK,3YwLXQ\GGQJQKQELW~}†FYNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK,3YFKO
P›WWSFRQFãDWS~ÊDFK,3YwJLPQKƠQJX\F|QKPOQWURQJ
FKX\Q~“LJL”DNÀKLXFKPWKSSKyQFãD,3YYKDLGXFKPWKSSKyQ
FãDNÀKLX,3YFFQKWKLWN,3YFàQJ~¯~}DUDP›WNKX{QPX~F
ELWFKRFFKYLWQK”QJ~ÊDFKORLQ\QK}VDX7KD\YYLWWKHRFFKFãD
~ÊDFK,3YO
$
WDFĐWKYQ~ELWFX‹LWKHRPXFKPWKSSKyQ
1JRLUDF⁄QFĐWKYLW~ÊDFKPQJWKHRFFWLQW‹OFFELWFDRFãD~ÊD
FK,3YwLXQ\FĐO†LWURQJYLF~ÊQKWX\QP›W~ÊDFK,3YWKHRVDX
EflLP›WGXFKRYP›WV‹KP{WFKLXGLFFELWWLQW‹9ÂG•NÀ
KLX
)(’&%$
P{WP›WWLQW‹GLELWJLWUÊQKÊSKyQW}|QJằQJO
3K~}QJWKẫFJQflDFK',3Y
7KHR~FWFãDJLDRWKằF,3YWWFFFORL~ÊDFK,3Y~}†FJQFKRFF
JLDRGLQNK{QJJQFKRFFQRGHVNKFY–L,3Y0›W~ÊDFK,3YORL
8QLFDVWJÔLWWO~ÊDFK8QLFDVW~}†FJQFKRP›WJLDRGLQ~|Q9PôL
JLDRGLQWKX›FYP›WQRGH~|QGRY\PôL~ÊDFK8QLFDVW~ÊQKGDQKP›W
JLDRGLQV~ÊQKGDQKP›WQRGH
0›WJLDRGLQ~|QFĐWK~}†FJQQKLXORL~ÊDFK,3YFKRSKSF
GQJ~ÊDFK~'QJWKfiL8QLFDVWDQ\FDVWPXOWLFDVW1K}QJQKWWKLWP›W
JLDRGLQSKL~}†FJQP›W~ÊDFK,3YGQJ8QLFDVWOLQNORFDO&FQKĐP
~ÊDFKFãDGQJ~ÊDFK8QLFDVWV~}†FWUQKE\flSKQVDXwWK…FKLQ
FFNWQ‹L3RLQWWRSRLQWJL”DFFJLDRGLQQJ}fiLWDWK}fiQJJQFF~ÊD
FKGQJ8QLFDVWOLQNORFDOFKRFFJLDRGLQWK…FKLQNWQ‹L
w'QJWKfiL,3YF⁄QFKRSKSP›W~ÊDFKXQLFDVWKRFP›WQKĐP~ÊDFK
XQLFDVWV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQKP›WQKĐPFFJLDRGLQ9–LSK}|QJWKằFJQ
~ÊDFKQ\P›WQKĐPJLDRGLQ~Đ~}†FKLXQK}OP›WJLDRGLQWURQJ
WQJ,3
7KHRWKLWNFãD,3YP›WKRVWFĐWK~ÊQKGDQKEflLFF~ÊDFKVDX
• 0›W~ÊDFKOLQNORFDOFKRPôLJLDRGLQJQY–LKRVW~Đ
• 0›W~ÊDFK8QLFDVW~}†FFXQJFSEflLFFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•
• 0›W~ÊDFKORRSEDFN
• 0›W ~ÊD FK 0XOWLFDVW P KRVW ~Đ O WKQK YLzQ WURQJ QKĐP FĐ ~ÊD FK
0XOWLFDVW~Đ
0›WURXWHUQXKôWU†,3YVQKQELW~}†FWWFFFORL~ÊDFKPKRVW
FKSQKQNWUzQQJRLUDQĐF⁄QFĐWK~}†FJQFFORL~ÊDFKQK}VDX
• 7WFFF~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVW~}†FJQWUzQ5RXWHU
• 7WFFF~ÊDFK$Q\FDVW~}†FFXKQKWUzQ5RXWHU
• 7WFFF~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWFãDYFFQKĐPWKX›FYURXWHUTXQOÀ
,,&‹XWUếFYÔFLàPFểDFFGQJÀDFK”,3Y
xflDFK'8QLFDVW
8QLFDVWOP›WWzQP–LWKD\FKRNLX~ÊDFK~LP~LPSRLQWWRSRLQW
~¯~}†FV„G•QJWURQJ,3Y/RL~ÊDFKQ\~}†FV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQKFKR
P›WJLDRGLQWUzQPQJ0›WSDFNHWFĐ~ÊDFK~ÂFKOGQJ~ÊDFK8QLFDVW
V~}†FFKX\QW–LJLDRGLQ~ÊQKGDQKEflL~ÊDFK~Đ
3KqQOR{LvDFK8QLFDVW
wÊDFK8QLFDVW~}†FFKLDWKQKFFQKĐPQKƠQK}VDX
• iD FK*OREDO8QLFDVW w}†F V„ G•QJ ~ ~ÊQK GDQJ FF JLDR GLQ FKR
SKSWK…FKLQNWQ‹LFFKRVWWURQJPQJ,QWHUQHW,3YWRQFX7ÂQKFKW
ORL~ÊDFKQ\FàQJJL‹QJQK}~ÊDFK,3Y~ÊQKGDQKP›WKRVWWURQJPQJ
,QWHUQHWKLQQD\
• iDFK6LWHORFDOw}†FV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQJFFJLDRGLQFKRSKSWK…F
KLQFFNWQ‹LJL”DFFKRVWWURQJPQJORFDO
• iDFKOLQNORFDOw}†FV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQKP›WJLDRGLQ
• 1JRLUDF⁄QFĐP›WV‹GQJ~ÊDFK8QLFDVWNKFQK}16$3DGGUHVV,3;
DGGUHVV
0ôLGQJ~ÊDFK8QLFDVW~XFĐFXWUảFULzQJ6DX~y\VSKyQWÂFKFXWUảF
FãDFFGQJ~ÊDFKQ\
oDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW
7KHR5)&P{WFXWUảFFFGQJ~ÊDFK8QLFDVW’QJ~ÊDFKQ\
~}†FV„G•QJ~KôWU†FKRQK”QJQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•KLQ~DQJOFF
~XP‹LNWQ‹L,QWHUQHWFF,631JRLUDGQJ~ÊDFKQ\F⁄Q~}†FV„
G•QJ~KôWU†FFQKFXQJFSGÊFKY•P–LFĐQKXFXNWQ‹LWRQFX
&XWUảFORL~ÊDFKQ\~}†F[y\G…QJWKHRNLQWUảFSKyQFSUƒUQJ&•
WKQK}VDX
ELWV ELWV ELWV ELWV ELWV
)3 7/$,’ 5(6 1/$,’ 6/$,’ ,QWHUIDFH,’
%rQJ &~X WUĂF GuQJ pD FK 8QLFDVW
7URQJ~Đ
• wÊQKGQJWLQW‹~‹LY–LORL~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW
• 7/$,’ wÊQKGDQKFKRQK FXQJFSFDRQKW WURQJK WK‹QJ FF
QKFXQJFSGÊFKY• 7RS/HYHO$JJUHJDWLRQ
• 5(6 &K}DV„G•QJ
• 1/$,’ wÊQKGDQKFãDQKFXQJFS WLS WKHR WURQJK WK‹QJFF
QKFXQJFSGÊFKY•1H[W/HYHO$JJUHJDWLRQ
• 6/$,’ wÊQKGQKFF6LWHFãDFFNKFKKQJFX‹L
• ,QWHUIDFH,’ wÊQKGDQKFãDJLDR WLSFãDFFKRVW WUzQPQJ WURQJVLWH
FãDNKFKKQJFX‹LwÊQKGDQKQ\[F~ÊQKWKHRFKXQ(8,
1K}Y\ORL~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW~}†FWKLWNSKyQFS&XWUảFFãDQĐ
~}†FFKLDWKQKSKQ
• ELWV3XEOLF7RSRORJ\
• ELWV6LWH7RSRORJ\
• ELWV~ÊQKGDQKJLDRGLQ
7URQJPôLSKQFĐWKFKLDOPQKLXFSFRQKQKVDXPLQKKRFXWUảF
SKyQFSQ\
48 bits Public Topology 16 bits SiteTopology 64 bits Interface Indentifier
13 bit TLA ID 8 bitRES 24 bits NLA ID001
NLA1 Site ID
n bits 24 - n bits
Site IDNLA2
m bits 24 - n - m bits
16 bits Subnet
SLA1 Subnet
SubnetSLA 3
n bits 16 - n bits
m bits16 - n - m bits
+QK SK{Q FD pD FK 8QLFDVW
7KHRKQKWUzQSKQJLWUÊ7/$,’FĐÀQJKĂD~ÊQKGDQKQKFXQJFSGÊFK
Y•,3YKQJ~XWUzQWKJL–L&ĐW“QJV‹ W‹L~DFF7/$wFĐ
~}†FP›W7/$,’SKL\zXFX[LQFSTXDP›WV‹W“FKằFTX‹FWl&F
W“FKằFFSSKW7/$,’~¯WUQKE\WURQJSKQSKyQE“~ÊDFK,3YflWUzQ
w‹LY–LP›W,63FK
QJKQQK}9’&lWURQJP{KQKQ\~ĐQJYDLWU⁄O
P›W1/$QH[WOHYHO$JJUHJDWLRQFQSKL[LQFSJLWUÊ1/$,’FãDPQK
WK{QJTXDFFW“FKằF7/$+LQQD\FĐP›WV‹SK}|QJWKằF[LQFSJLWUÊ
1/$,’QK}VDX
• ;LQF~STXDERQH&RPPXQLW\.KL~ĐJLWUÊ7/$,’FãDW“FKằFQ\O
))(%RQHOP›WPQJWK„QJKLP,3YWUzQWRQFX6DXNKLWKR
P¯QP›WV‹\zXFXFãDW“FKằFQ\%RQHVFSSKWJLWUÊ1/$,’FKR
,63[LQFS~ÊDFK
• ;LQF~STXD,QWHUQDWLRQDO5HJLRQDO,QWHUQHW5HJLVWU\5,3
• *Lr OS pD FK ,3Y WÊ pD FK ,3Y JL Oq WR &n FK WR 9–L
SK}|QJWKằFQ\ WKXQO†LFKRYLFWK„QJKLPNWQ‹L ,3YG…D WUzQQQ
,3Y7‚P›WKRVWV„G•QJ~ÊDFK,3YWDFĐP›W~ÊDFK,3YGQJ*OREDO
8QLFDVWQK} VDX7/$ ,’FĐ WLQ W‹ ELWV F⁄Q OL O ~ÊD FK
,3YFãDKRVW~Đ
w‹LY–LPôLW“FKằF7/$VDXNKLFĐ7/$,’FĐWKFSSKWWLS~QFFW“
FKằFFSG}–L9–LPôL7/$FKRSKS~ÊQKGDQKW–LFFW“FKằFNKF
QKDXw‹LY–LFXWUảFFãD1/$,’~}†FSKyQUDWKQKFFSKQQKƠV„
G•QJQELWVWURQJV‹ELWV1/$~~ÊQKGDQKW“FKằF~ĐQELWVF⁄QOL
G‡QJ~~ÊQKGDQKFFKRVWWURQJPQJ
0WNKFWURQJSKQ~ÊDFK1/$,’FĐWKSKyQWKQKFF1/$FSWKS
K|Q~FKRSKSFXQJFSW–LQKLXVLWHV„G•QJHQGXVHUVLWHNKFQKDX
w‹LY–LP›WHQGXVHUVLWHVDXNKL\zXFX[LQ~ÊDFKVQKQ~}†FFFWK{QJ
WLQY7/$,’1/$,’VJQFFJLWUÊ6/$,’~~ÊQKGDQKFFVLWH
WURQJW“FKằF~ĐY~~ÊQKGDQJFFVXEQHWVWURQJPQJFRQ*LWUÊQ\
FàQJW}|QJW…QK}YLFSKyQE“FF~ÊDFK~‹LY–LPôLW“FKằFVDXNKLQKQ
~}†FP›WY‡QJ~ÊDFKWURQJ,3YQJRLWU‚OV‹O}†QJVXEQHWVWURQJP›W
VLWHFĐWKOzQW–LVXEQHWVNKFQKDX
3KQF⁄QOLWURQJFXWUảF~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVWO~ÊQKGDQKJLDRGLQ
,QWHUIDFH,’wÊQKGDQKQ\~}†FP{WWKHRFKXQ(8,7X‰WKX›FYR
FKXQFFJLDRWLSNKFQKDXPFĐFFJLWUÊ,QWHUIDFH,’NKFQKDX9Â
G•Y–LFKXQJLDRWLS(WKHUQHWFĐSK}|QJWKằFWRJLWUÊ,QWHUIDFH,’QK}
VDX
• ELWV~ÊQKGQJ(8,~}†F[y\G…QJW‚ELWV~ÊDFK0$&FãDJLDR
GLQFQJQ~ÊDFK
• &KQ[IIIHYRJL”DE\WHWKằYE\WHWKằWURQJ~ÊDFK0$&
• 7K…FKLQ~RELWV~‹LY–LELWVWKằWURQJE\WHWKằQKWFãD~ÊDFK0$&
9ÂG•WDFĐ~ÊDFK0$&FãDP›WJLDRGLQQK}VDXIG
• &KQ[IIIHYRYÊWUÂJL”DE\WH[Y[FãD~ÊDFK0$&GRY\WD
FĐ~ÊDFK(8,QK}VDXIIIHIG
• 7K…FKLQ~RELWV~‹LY–LELWVWKSWKằKDLWURQJE\WH~XFãD~ÊDFK0$&
9ELWVWKằKDLWURQJE\WH~XFãD~ÊDFK0$&OGRY\V
FKX\QWKQKQzQE\WH~XFĐGQJ [
&X‹LF‡QJWDFĐSKQ~ÊQKGQJ(8,QK}VDXIIIHIG
~‹LY–LGQJ~ÊDFK0$&IG
oDFK/RFDO8QLFDVW
1KLXKWK‹QJPQJF•FE›KLQQD\~DQJV„G•QJJLDRWKằF7&3,3~Đ
OFFPQJ,QWUDQHW&àQJJL‹QJQK},3YFĐV„G•QJP›WORL~ÊDFK~W
ELW~~ÊQKGDQKFFKRVWWURQJPQJULzQJ~ÊDFKw‹LY–L
,3YFĐKDLORL~ÊDFK8QLFDVWKôWU†FFOLzQNWF•FE›WURQJP›WPQJ
~ĐOORL~ÊDFK/LQNORFDO$GGUHVVY6LWH/RFDO$GGUHVV
wÊDFKOLQNORFDO8QLFDVW~}†FV„G•QJWUzQP›WNWQ‹L~|QY~ÊDFK6LWH
/RFDO~}†FV„G•QJ~OLzQNWFFVLWHY–LQKDX
+QKVDX~y\PLQKKÔDV…NKFQKDXJL”DYLFV„G•QJFFORL~ÊDFKORFDO
8QLFDVW
6„G•QJ~ÊDFK6LWHORFDO8QLFDVWJQY–LP›WJLDRGLQ~WK…FKLQFF
OLzQNWY–LFFKRVWWURQJP›WVLWH
Hub
Host A Host B
Host C Host D
Same Subnet ID
Same Subnet ID
Su
bn
et
Su
bn
et
+QK &tF ORuL pD FK ORFDO XQLFDVW
&XWUảFFãD~ÊDFK6LWH/RFDO8QLFDVWQK}VDX
ELWV ELWV ELWV ELWV
6XEQHW,’ ,QWHUIDFH,’
%rQJ &~X WUĂF pD FK VLWH ORFDO XQLFDVW
4XLWF~ÊQKWX\Q~‹LY–LGQJ~ÊDFK6LWHORFDO
• 0›WURXWHUNK{QJWKFKX\QFFJĐLWLQFĐ~ÊDFKQJX'QKRF~ÊDFK~ÂFK
O~ÊDFK6LWH/RFDO8QLFDVWUDQJRLPQJ~Đ
• &F ~ÊD FK VLWH ORFDO NK{QJ WK ~}†F FKÔQ ~}fiQJ WUzQ WRQ E› PQJ
LQWHUQHW3KPYLFãDFKảQJFK~}†F~xQJERSKPYLP›WVLWH&KảQJFK
FĐWKG‡QJFKRFFFKX\Q~“LJL”DKDLWUPFãDF‡QJP›WVLWH
3KQJLWUÊ,QWHUIDFH,’~}†FP{WJL‹QJY–LGQJ~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW
6„G•QJOLQNORFDO~WK…FKLQNWQ‹LJL”DKRVWWU…FWLSY–LQKDX
+QK .W QL WUĐF WLS KRVW GQJ OLQNORFDO
&XWUảFFãD~ÊDFK/LQNORFDOQK}VDX
ELWV ELWV ELWV
,QWHUIDFH,’
%rQJ &~X WUĂF pD FK /LQNORFDO
*LWUÊ,QWHUIDFH,’~}†FP{WJL‹QJY–LGQJ~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVW
1K”QJ~ÊDFKQ\FK~}†F~ÊQKQJKĂDWURQJSKPYLNWQ‹LSRLQWWRSRLQW
~LP~LPYFKFĐWK~}†FV„G•QJEflLFFWUPNWQ‹LY–LF‡QJP›W
OLzQNWKD\F‡QJP›WPQJ~ÊDSK}|QJ
4XLWF~ÊQKWX\Q~‹LY–LGQJ~ÊDFKOLQNORFDO
• 0›WURXWHUNK{QJWKFKX\QEWN‰JĐLWLQQRFĐ~ÊDFKQJX'QKRF~ÊD
FK~ÂFKO~ÊDFKOLQNORFDO
1K}SKQ~¯WUQKE\P›WJLDRGLQFĐWKJQQKLXORL~ÊDFKNKF
QKDX+QKVDXPLQKKÔDFFORL~ÊDFK~}†FJQFKRP›WKRVWQĐLFKXQJ
NKLWK…FKLQNWQ‹LW–LPQJ,QWHUQHW,3YYÂG•PQJ%RQH
ERQH
Host A Host B
Router
Global Unicast (3ffe::/16)
Site-local Unicast (FFEC::/10)
Link-local Unicast (FE80::/10)
Site-local (FFEC::/10)
Link-local (FE80::/10)
Site-local (FFEC::/10)
Link-local (FE80::/10)
+QK &tF ORuL pD FK F{Q JtQ pL YL PW 6LWH YqR PuQJ ,3Y
oDFK8QLFDVWWKHRFKXQ,3;
&XWUảFFãD~ÊDFK,3;WKHRFKXQFãD~ÊDFKL,3YFĐ~ÊQKGQJQK}VDX
ELWV
&K}D~ÊQKQJKĂD
%rQJ &~X WUĂF FD pD FK ,3; WKHR FKX|Q FD pD FKL ,3Y
&KLWLWYORL~ÊDFK,3;WKHRFKXQ,3YFK}D~}†F[F~ÊQKYF⁄Q~DQJ
WURQJJLDL~RQQJKLzQFằX
xflDFK'$Q\FDVW
wÊDFK$Q\FDVW~}†FJQFKRP›WQKĐPFFJLDRGLQWK{QJWK}fiQJO
QK”QJQRGHVNKFQKDXYQK”QJJĐLWLQFĐ~ÊDFKQ\V~}†FFKX\Q~‹L
JLDRGLQJQQKWFĐ~ÊDFKQ\.KLQLPJQQKWfl~y\G…DYRNKRQJ
FFKJQQKW[F~ÊQKTXDJLDRWKằF~ÊQKWX\QV„G•QJ7KD\YJ„LJĐL
WLQ~QVHUYHUQR~ĐQĐJ„LJĐLWLQ~Q~ÊDFKFKXQJPV~}†FQKQUD
EflLWWFFFORLVHUYHUWURQJORLQR~ĐYQĐWLQYRKWK‹QJ~ÊQKWX\Q
~~}DJĐLWLQ~QFFVHUYHUJQQKWQ\
7URQJJLDRWKằF,3Y~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWNK{QJFĐFXWUảF~FELW&F~ÊDFK
$Q\FDVWQPWURQJP›WSKQNK{QJJLDQFãD~ÊDFKXQLFDVW’R~ĐYPW
FXWUảF~ÊDFK$Q\FDVWNK{QJWKSKyQELWY–L~ÊDFK8QLFDVW.KLQK”QJ
~ÊDFK8QLFDVW~}†FJQQKLXK|QFKRP›WJLDRGLQQĐWUflWKQK~ÊDFK
$Q\FDVWw‹LY–LQK”QJQRGH~}†FJQ~ÊDFKQ\SKL~}†FFXKQKY–LÀ
QJKĂDFãD~ÊDFKDQ\FDVW
7URQJFXWUảFFãDEWN‰P›W~ÊDFKDQ\FDVW~XFĐP›WSKQWLQW‹3GL
QKW~[F~ÊQKSKPYLY‡QJP~ÊDFKDQ\FDVW~ĐJQFKRFFJLDR
GLQ7KHRFXWUảFQ\WLQW‹3FKRSKSWK…FKLQFFTXLWF~ÊQKWX\Q
~‹LY–L~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWQK}VDX
• w‹LY–LSKQSKÂDWURQJFãDPQJY‡QJ&FJLDRGLQ~}†FJQFF~ÊD
FKDQ\FDVWSKLNKDLERWURQJEQJ~ÊQKWX\QWUzQURXWHUFãDKWK‹QJ~Đ
OQK”QJP•FULzQJELWY–LQKDX
• w‹LY–LJLDRWLSEzQQJRLPQJNKDLERWUzQURXWHUFKJ'PP›WP•FO
SKQWLQW‹3FĐWKKLXSKQWLQW‹Q\~ÊQKGDQKFKRP›WVXEQHWFãD
PQJWURQJ
&KĐ–7URQJWU}|QJK†SSKQWLQW‹3FãD~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWOP›WWSFF
JLWUÊ.KL~ĐFFJLDRGLQ~}†FJQ~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWQ\NK{QJQPWURQJ
P›WY‡QJiY‡QJjfl~y\~}†FKLXOY‡QJORJLFGRY\SKLNKDLERWUzQ
FFEQJ~ÊQKWX\QQK}~‹LY–LGQJ~ÊDFK*OREDO8QLFDVWQJKDOSKL
NKDLERULzQJUW‚QJJLDRGLQ
4XDF|FK~ÊQKWX\Q~‹LY–LGQJ~ÊDFK$Q\FDVWP{WflWUzQWDWK\
P•F~ÂFKWKLWNFãDORL~ÊDFK$Q\FDVW~KôWU†QK”QJW“FKằFPFX
WUảFPQJFãDQĐ~}†FFKLDWKHRFXWUảFSKyQFS7URQJ~Đ~ÊDFKDQ\FDVW
~}†FJQFKRFFURXWHUlPFFURXWHUQ\~}†FFKLDWKQKFFY‡QJKD\
FFi~RDQj.KLP›WSDFNHW~QURXWHUFSFDRQKWWURQJKWK‹QJQĐV
~}†FFKX\Q~Q~'QJWKfiLFFURXWHUWURQJP›Wi~RQj
6„G•QJ~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWFĐQK”QJKQFKQK}VDX
• 0›W~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWNK{QJ~}†FV„G•QJOP~ÊDFKQJX'QFãDP›WJĐLWLQ
,3Y
• 0›W~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWNK{QJ~}†FSKSJQFKRP›WKRVW,3YGRY\QĐFK
~}†FJQFKRP›WURXWHU,3Y
&ĐP›WORL~ÊDFKDQ\FDVW~FELW~}†FV„G•QJ~~ÊQKGDQKFKRP›W
VXEQHWJÔLO6XEQHW5RXWHUDQ\FDVW&XWUảFFãDORL~ÊDFKQ\QK}VDX
QELWV lQELWV
VXEQHWSUHIL[
%rQJ iD FK DQ\FDVW
3KQVXEQHWSUHIL[WURQJFXWUảF~ÊDFKQ\[F~ÊQKP›WOLzQNWF•WK
7ÂQKFKWFãDORL~ÊDFKDQ\FDVWJL‹QJY–L~ÊDFKXQLFDVWOLQNORFDOJQ
FKRFFJLDRGLQWURQJ~ĐSKQ~ÊQKGDQKJLDRGLQ~}†F~WO
/RL~ÊDFKQ\~}†FV„G•QJFKRQK”QJQRGHFQJLDRWLS~'QJWKfiLY–L
P›WWSFFURXWHUWUzQPQJ9ÂG•QJ}fiLG‡QJGL~›QJFĐQKXFX~'QJ
WKfiLF‡QJP›WOảFJLDRWLSY–LFFKRVWF‹~ÊQKYY–LFFKRVWWURQJPQJ
GL~›QJ
xflDFK'0XOWLFDVW
&XWUĐFFKXQJ
wÊDFKPXOWLFDVW~}†FJQFKRP›WQKĐPFFJLDRGLQWK{QJWK}fiQJO
QK”QJQRGHVNKFQKDX0›WJĐLWLQFĐ~ÊDFKPXOWLFDVWV~}†FFKX\QW–L
WWFFFJLDRGLQFĐJQ~ÊDFKPXOWLFDVWQ\
7LQWKyQFãD~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWLQJUD~fiLWUzQF|VflOP›WORL~ÊDFK~}†F
WKzPYRWURQJNLQWUảF~ÊDFK,3YQxPWK{QJTXDF|FK[F~ÊQK
FF~ÊDFKO–S’YWKãW•FTXQOÀQKĐP,*031K”QJQJ}fiLWKLWN
,3YPX‹QWRUDQK”QJWKãW•FP–LQKPWR~LXNLQWKXQO†LK|QFKR
YLFWULQNKDL~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWLQJV„G•QJWUzQWWFFF1RGH,3Y&F
WKãW•FP–LFKRSKSQKQGQJ~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWLQJPWWFFFURXWHUV
QKQUDFKảQJOLzQNWFFKPFKằFQxQJ,&03FãD,3YWURQJWKãW•F
,&03F|EQFãD,3YFKảQJ~PERUQJWWFURXWHUFĐWK~ÊQKWX\Q
FFJĐLWLQ0XOWLFDVW
&XWUảFFãD~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWQK}VDX
ELWV ELWV ELWV ELW
)ODJV VFRSH ,’QKĐP
%rQJ &~X WUĂF pD FK PXOWLFDVW
ELW~XFãD~ÊDFKOSUHIL[FĐNÀKLXOELWNWLSOFFFfiWLS
WKHROELWSKPYLVFRSHYE›QKQGQJQKĐPELW
ELWFfiWKFĐELWWKằ~}†FG‡QJFKR,3YELWF⁄QOLFK}D~}†F~ÊQK
QJKĂDY~}†FJQJLWUÊ&•WKQK}VDX
7
%ÂW WKằ W} ~}†F YLW WW O 7 wÊD FK ~}†F SKyQ F‹ ~ÊQK EflL *OREDO ,QWHUQHW
1XPEHULQJ $XWKRULW\ wÊD FK WP WKfiL NK{QJ ~}†F SKyQ F‹ ~ÊQK .KL QKĐP
TX\W~ÊQKWK…FKLQ0XOWLFDVWQĐKƠL6HVVLRQGLUHFWRU\~~ÊDFKQJXQKLzQwÊD
FKQJXQKLzQXQLFLW\RI~}†FNLPWUDEflLWKXWWRQSKWKLQ[XQJ~›W0ôLNKL
VHVVLRQ~}†FNWWKảF~ÊDFK~}†FEƠTXD
7U}fiQJVFRSHSKPYL~}†FP¯KROELWQJX\zQ1Đ~}†FG‡QJ~JL–L
KQSKPYLQKĐP~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVW&FJLWUÊFãDWU}fiQJQ\J'P
%LW *LtWU
wGQK
1RGHFĐSKPYL~ÊDSK}|QJ
/LQNFĐSKPYL~ÊDSK}|QJ
&K}DFS
&K}DFS
6LWHFĐSKPYL~ÊDSK}|QJ
&K}DFS
&K}DFS
7“FKằFFĐSKPYL~ÊDSK}|QJ
&K}DFS
$ &K}DFS
% &K}DFS
& &K}DFS
’ &K}DFS
( 3KPYLW“QJWK
) &K}DFS
%rQJ *Lt WU FtF ELWV WURQJ WUoQJ VFRSH
&FJLWUÊQ\FKRSKSYLF[F~ÊQKFKÂQK[FSKPYLY‡QJFãD~ÊDFK
PXOWLFDVW4XD~ĐFFURXWHUV~ÊQKWX\QFFJĐLWLQWURQJSKPYLJL–L
KQ7K{QJWK}fiQJFFSKPYLW“FKằFYYÊWUÂFKFĐWK~}†FWK…FKLQ
QXFFURXWHUELWFFOLzQNWQRWKX›FYW“FKằFQR
&KảÀUQJE›FKWKÊSKPYLNK{QJQKK}flQJÀQJKĂDFãDQKĐP~}†FSKyQ
F‹~ÊQK;HP[WYÂG•E›FKWKÊQKĐPKH[~}†FSKyQFKRFFVHUYHU
WKfiLJLDQPQJ173&KảQJWDFĐWKOPY{KLXQĐY–LSKPYL
Y(~QKQ~}†F~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVW
• ))ELXGLQWWFFFVHUYHU173WUzQF‡QJQRGHY–LQJ}fiLJ„L
• ))ELXGLQWWFFFVHUYHU173WUzQF‡QJOLzQNWY–LQJ}fiLJ„L
• ))ELXGLQWWFFFVHUYHU173WUzQF‡QJYÊWUÂVLWHY–LQJ}fiL
J„L
• ))ELXGLQWWFFFVHUYHU173WUzQF‡QJW“FKằFY–LQJ}fiLJ„L
• )))ELXGLQWWFFFVHUYHU173WUzQ,QWHUQHW
.K{QJJL‹QJ173QKLXQKĐPFKFĐWK~}†FG‡QJWURQJYLSKPYLJL–LKQ9Â
G•YLFJ„LWLQ~QiWWFFFVHUYHUFXKQKKRVW~›QJWUzQ,QWHUQHWjVNK{QJFĐ
ÀQJKĂD
&zFvDFK0XOWLFDVWvQKQJKDWUuÂF
&FQKQGQJQKĐPQK}i7WFFFVHUYHU173jWK}fiQJ~}†FFSSKWEflL
,QWHUQHW$VVLJQHG1XPEHU$XWKRULW\&KảQJWK}fiQJ~}†F~WVQYRFF
ằQJG•QJWLzXELXFãDQKĐP7WFFFFK}|QJWUQKTXQOÀWKfiLJLDQ
PQJYÂG•PX‹QELW~ÊDFKFãDiWWFFF6HUYHU173WUzQ6LWHjDOO173
6HUYHUO))26&KảQJV~}†FNKDLERK›LYLzQY–LQKĐPQ\NKL
FK}|QJWUQKằQJG•QJ~}†FEW~XF‡QJFFKPFFWKQKYLzQFãDYLGHR
FRQIHUHQFHUDQKS~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWP~¯~}†FFSSKW~›QJYRQKĐP
FãDFKảQJ
&KXQ,3YFK[F~ÊQKQKQGQJQKĐPF‹~ÊQKPWWFFF1RGH
,3YSKLELW
%›QKQGQJQKĐP~}†FJLQKULzQJQĐNK{QJ~}†FG‡QJY–LEWN‰
SKPYÊQR
%›QKQGQJQKĐPFKUDFF~ÊDFKQRGHWWF,3Y1ĐFĐWK~}†F
G‡QJY–LSKPYL))~QKQUDWWFFFQRGHWUzQQRGHQ\KD\
Y–LSKPYL))~QKQUDWWFFFQRGHWUzQ/LQNQ\
%›QKQGQJQKĐPFKUDWWFFF~ÊDFKWWF5RXWHU,3Y1ĐFĐWK
~}†FG‡QJY–LSKPYÊ))~QKQUDWWFFF5RXWHUWUzQQRGH
Q\KD\Y–LSKPYL))~QKQUDWWFFF5RXWHUWUzQ/LQNQ\
%› QKQ GQJ QKĐP KH[ FK UD QKĐP WW F FF VHUYHU FX KQK ~›QJ
’+&3VHUYHUDQGUHOD\V1ĐSKL~}†FG‡QJY–LSKPYL ))~QKQUD
WWFFFVHUYHUFXKQK~›QJ’+&3YFFUHOD\VWUzQOLQNQ\
&KXQFàQJGQKULzQJFFGL~ÊDFK0XOWLFDVWW‚))~Q
))))))))))~}†FG‡QJEflL,3YW}|QJ~}|QJFãD$53
0XOWLFDVWURXWLQJ
0XOWLFDVWURXWLQJWUzQLQWHUQHWF⁄Q~DQJOFKã~QJKLzQFằX&FWK{QJ
~LSg\zXFXjiWK{QJERjYiNWWKảFjOQK”QJJ~¯FĐWLWKfiL~LP
KLQWL+LQQD\FĐP›WV‹TXDQ~LPSKWWULQFKÂQKQK}VDX
• 7KzPKD\YLWU}fiQJ~ÊDFKQJX'QWURQJWK{QJER~FKUDOFĐWUP
PX‹QQJKHP›WWSK†SFRQFF~ÊDFKQJX'QWURQJQ›LE›QKĐP
• 7KzPYRKD\YLWU}fiQJ~ÊDFKQJX'QWURQJWK{QJ~LSNWWKảF~FKUD
QĐNK{QJTXDQWyP~QKD\YLWKQKYLzQFãDQKĐP
&FWKãW•F~ÊQKWX\Q0XOWLFDVWFQWKzPWK{QJ~LS~QKQUDFFOLzQNW
QRFãDURXWHUVFKX\QFFJĐLWLQFKRQKĐPQR~Đ&KảQJWDFĐWK
SKLWKzPFFWK{QJ~LSFKRP•F~ÂFK~ĐKRFSKLWKzPFFWU}fiQJWURQJ
WK{QJ~LSWK{QJER
0WNKFYLFPflU›QJUƒUQJOW}|QJWKÂFKY–LW}|QJODL&FWUP,3Y
WKHRF|FKKLQKQKVYQFĐWKQKSYUfiLFFQKĐP
&FGQJflDFK',3YNKF
1JRLFFGQJ~ÊDFK,3YQK}~¯P{WF⁄QFĐP›WV‹GQJ~ÊDFK,3Y
NKFQK}VDX
• wÊDFKNK{QJ[F~ÊQK
• wÊDFKORRSEDFN
• wÊDFK,3YWURQJNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK,3Y
oDFKNKsQJ[zFvQK
wÊDFK~}†FJÔLO~ÊDFKNK{QJ[F~ÊQKwÊDFKQ\
NK{QJWKWV…~}†FJQFKRP›WJLDRGLQQR0›WKRVWNKLNKflLWRFĐWK
V„G•QJ~ÊDFKQ\QK}O~ÊDFKQJX'QFãDQĐWU}–FNKLQĐELW~…†F~ÊD
FKWKWFãDQĐ0›W~ÊDFKNK{QJ[F~ÊQKNK{QJEDRJLfiFĐWK~ĐQJYDL
WU⁄O~ÊDFK~ÂFKWURQJJĐLWLQ,3YKD\WURQJSKQKHDGHUFãDTXWUQK
~ÊQKWX\Q
oDFK/RRSEDFN
wÊDFK~}†FJÔLO~ÊDFKORRSEDFN0›WQRGHVFĐWKV„
G•QJ~ÊDFKQ\~J„LP›WJĐLWLQ,3YFKRFKÂQKQĐwÊDFKORRSEDFN
NK{QJEDRJLfi~}†FV„G•QJQK}~ÊDFKQJX'QFãDEWN‰JĐLWLQ,3YQR
~J„LUDQJRLQRGHV0›WJĐLWLQY–L~ÊDFKORRSEDFNO~ÊDFK~ÂFKV
NK{QJEDRJLfiFĐWKUDNKƠLQRGH~Đ
oDFK,3YWURQJ,3Y
1K}SKQP{WFFORLNÀKLX~ÊDFK,3Y~¯WUQKE\~ÊDFK,3YO
P›WWSFRQFãDNK{QJJLDQ~ÊDFK,3Y’R~ĐFXWUảFFãDP›W~ÊDFK
,3Y~}†FP{WWURQJ,3YQK}VDX
ELWV ELWV
wÊDFK,3Y
%rQJ &~X WUĂF pD FK ,3Y WURQJ ,3Y
1K}Y\~ÊDFK,3YVV„G•QJELWVWKS~P{WOLP›W~ÊDFK,3Y
ELWVFDRV~}†FJQEQJ3KQWUQKE\FFSK}|QJWKằFFKX\Q~“L
~PERWÂQKW}|QJWKÂFKJL”D~ÊDFK,3YY,3YVSKyQWÂFKN¿K|QQ›L
GXQJQ\
Các file đính kèm theo tài liệu này:
- Gioi_thieu_Ip_version_6.PDF