Bài giảng TCP/IP - Chapter 3: Underlying Technologies

Chapter 3Underlying TechnologiesCONTENTS LANS POINT-TO-POINT WANS SWITCHED WANS CONNECTING DEVICESFigure 3-1Internet modelLOCAL AREA NETWORKS(LANS)3.1Figure 3-2CSMA/CDMinimum frame length/Transmission rate is proportional to Collision domain / Propagation speedFigure 3-3Ethernet layersFigure 3-4Ethernet frameFigure 3-5:aEthernet implementationFigure 3-5:bEthernet implementationFigure 3-5:cEthernet implementationFigure 3-5:dEthernet implementationFigure 3-6:aFast Ethernet implementationFigure 3-6:bFast Ethernet implementationFigure 3-6:cFast Ethernet implementationFigure 3-7:aGigabit Ethernet implementationFigure 3-7:bGigabit Ethernet implementationFigure 3-8:aToken passingFigure 3-8:bToken passingFigure 3-8:cToken passingFigure 3-8:dToken passingFigure 3-9Data frameFigure 3-10MAUFigure 3-11:aSpread spectrum techniquesFigure 3-11:bSpread spectrum techniquesFigure 3-12ISM bandsFigure 3-13BSSsFigure 3-14ESSFigure 3-15CSMA/CAPOINT-TO-POINTWANS3.2Figure 3-16Band for ADSLFigure 3-17PPP frameSWITCHEDWANS3.3Figure 3-18Frame Relay networkA cell network uses the cell as the basic unit of data exchange. A cell is defined as a small, fixed-sized block of information.Figure 3-19ATM multiplexingFigure 3-20Architecture of an ATM networkFigure 3-21Virtual circuitsNote that a virtual connection is defined by a pair of numbers: the VPI and the VCI.Figure 3-22An ATM cellFigure 3-23ATM layersThe IP protocol uses the AAL5 sublayer.We will discuss IP over ATM in Chapter 26.Figure 3-24:aATM LAN architectureFigure 3-24:bATM LAN architectureFigure 3-24:cATM LAN architectureFigure 3-25A mixed architecture ATM LAN using LANECONNECTING DEVICES3.4Figure 3-26Connecting devicesFigure 3-27RepeaterA repeater connects segments of a LAN together.A repeater forwards every packet; it has no filtering capability.Figure 3-28HubsA bridge has a table used in filtering decisions.Figure 3-29BridgeA bridge connects segments of a LAN together.A router is a three-layer (physical, data link, and network) device.A repeater or a bridge connects segments of a LAN. A router connects independent LANs or WANs to create an internetwork (internet).Figure 3-30Routing exampleA router changes the physical addresses in a packet.