Bài giảng Computer - Chapter 14

Chapter Overview Networking requirementsNetwork types and topologiesNetwork cablingLocal area network (LAN) communicationMaintaining and troubleshooting networks 1Basic Requirements of a Network A network links computers for communicating and sharing information and resources.A network must provide ConnectionsCommunicationsServices 2Local Area Networks Cover a limited distanceAllow sharing of data, peripherals, software, and storage 3Wide Area Networks Span relatively large areasTypically consist of two or more LANsAre connected using telephone or leased lines 4Types of Networks 5Star Topology 6Bus Topology 7Ring Topology 8Network Operating System Network operating systems (NOSs) provide the ability to share file, print, and other services.Computers can be servers, clients, or both.The two types of NOSs are add-ons and built-in. 9Network Interface Cards (NICs) Provide the physical connection between the computer’s expansion bus and the network cableBoost the digital signal from the computerChange the data stream from wide stream to narrow stream (parallel to serial conversion)Move data to and from random access memory (RAM) and manage the flow of data to and from the network cableBuffer the data from the computer 10Installation of the NIC 11Network Cabling 12Specifying the Right Cable 13LAN Communication Ethernet uses Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) as well as bus topology.Token ring allows only the station holding the token to transmit data. 14Network Protocols A protocol is a set of rules that govern network communication.A protocol suite is a group of protocols that can be used together.The standard protocols are Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange (IPX/SPX)Networked Basic Input/Output System/NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface (NetBEUI) Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)AppleTalkData Link Control (DLC) 15Extending a LAN RepeatersBridgesRoutersGateways 16Maintaining and Troubleshooting Networks Reduced bandwidth Loss of dataSlow loading of programs and filesUnauthorized software Traffic overloadsCommon mode failuresNetwork security violations 17Network Certification Microsoft Certified Product Specialist (MCPS)Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE)Certified Novell Administrator (CNA)Certified Novell Engineer (CNE) 18Chapter Summary A network provides connections, communications, and services.Networks are either peer-to-peer or server-based. Network topology types are star, bus, and ring.A NIC connects the computer to the network.Network cable types are twisted-pair, coaxial, and fiberoptic.A network protocol provides the rules for network communications.Networks can be extended with repeaters, bridges, routers, and gateways. 19