Bài giảng Business Driven Technology - Business plug-in B19 - Global Information Systems

BUSINESS PLUG-IN B19Global Information SystemsLEARNING OUTCOMESExplain the cultural, political, and geoeconomic challenges facing global businessesDescribe the four global IT business drivers that should be included in all IT strategiesLEARNING OUTCOMESDescribe governance and compliance and the associated frameworks an organization can implementIdentify why an organization would need to understand global enterprise architectures when expanding operations abroadLEARNING OUTCOMESExplain the many different global information issues an organization might encounter as it conducts business abroadIdentify global system development issues organizations should understand before building a global systemGLOBALIZATION Traditional forms of business are simply not good enough in a global environment Many challenges that must be confronted to succeed in a global business environment including: CulturalPoliticalGeoeconomic (geographic and economic)GLOBALIZATIONCultural Business ChallengesCultural business challenges include differences inLanguagesCultural interestsReligionsCustomsSocial attitudesPolitical philosophiesCultural Business ChallengesA company should ask a few key questions when creating a global website:Will the site require new navigational logic to accommodate cultural preferences?Will content be translated? If so, into how many languages? Will multilingual efforts be included in the main site or will it be a separate site - with a country-specific domain?Cultural Business ChallengesA few key questions a company should ask when creating a global website (cont):Which country will the server be located in to support local user needs?What legal ramifications might occur by having the website targeted at a particular country, such as laws on competitive behaviors, treatment of children, or privacy?Political Business ChallengesPolitical business challenges include:Numerous rules and regulations surrounding data transfers across national boundaries (especially personal information)Tax implicationsHardware and software importing and exportingTrade agreementsGlobal Geoeconomic Business ChallengesGeoeconcomic - refers to the effects of geography on the economic realities of international business activitiesEven with the Internet, telecommunications, and air travel the physical distances covering the globe make it difficult to operate multinational businessGlobal Geoeconomic Business ChallengesUnderstanding the cultural, political, and geoeconomic business challenges is a good start to understanding global businessBusiness managers must understand four primary areas Global business strategiesGlobal enterprise architecturesGlobal information issuesGlobal systems developmentGlobal Geoeconomic Business ChallengesFour Global IT Business Management AreasGLOBAL IT BUSINESS STRATEGIESGlobal IT business strategies must include detailed information on the application of information technology across the organizationIT systems depend on global business drivers such asThe nature of the industryCompetitive factorsEnvironmental forcesGLOBAL IT BUSINESS STRATEGIESGlobal IT Business DriversGovernance and ComplianceOne fast-growing key area for all global business strategies includes governance and complianceGovernance - is a method or system of government for management or control Compliance - is the act of conforming, acquiescing, or yieldingGovernance and ComplianceIT Governance Institute Five focus areasStrategic alignmentRisk managementPerformance measuresResource managementValue deliveryGovernance and ComplianceIT governance frameworks:CoBIT: Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA)ITIL: The Information Technology Infrastructure Library(ITIL)COSO: Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) CMMI: Capability Maturity Model Integration method (CMMI) GLOBAL ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURESEnterprise architecture - includes the plans for how an organization will build, deploy, use, and share its data, processes, and IT assetsAn organization must manage its global enterprise architecture to support its global business operationsGLOBAL ENTERPRISE ARCHITECTURESTop 10 telecommunication issuesGLOBAL INFORMATION ISSUESBusinesses must have the appropriate levels of authentication, access control, and encryption in place, to ensure That only authorized individuals can gain access to the networkThat they have access to only those applications for which they are entitledThat information cannot be understood or altered while in transitGLOBAL INFORMATION ISSUESDeperimeterization - occurs when an organization moves employees outside its firewall, a growing movement to change the way corporations address technology securityCompanies should focus on beefing up security in end-user devices and an organization's critical information assetsInformation PrivacyTransborder data flows (TDF) occur when business data flows across international boundaries over the telecommunications networks of global information systemsMany countries view TDF as violating their national sovereigntyGLOBAL INFORMATION ISSUESUS-EU Data Privacy RequirementsInformation PrivacyInformation privacy - concerns the legal right or general expectation of individuals, groups, or institutions to determine for themselves, when, and to what extent, information about them is communicated to othersInformation privacy is about how personal information is collected and sharedEuropeAny organization processing personal data of a person living in the EU must comply with key principles:Fairly and lawfully processedProcessed for limited purposesAdequate, relevant, and not excessiveAccurate Not kept longer than necessaryProcessed in accordance with the data subject’s rightsNot transferred to countries without adequate protectionThe United StatesInformation privacy is not highly legislated nor regulatedThere is no all-encompassing law that regulates the use of personal data or informationAccess to public information is considered culturally acceptable, such as obtaining credit reports for employment or housing purposesCanadaCanada’s privacy laws follow very closely to the European modelCanada as a nation is quite concerned about protecting the personal information of its citizensIts primary privacy law is the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Document Act (PIPEDA)GLOBAL SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENTOrganizations can use several strategies to solve problems in global information systems development:Transform and customize an information system into a global applicationSet up a multinational development teamUse centers of excellence Outsource the development workIntegrating Global SystemsThe IT industry is one of the most dynamic in the global economyThe integration of business and technology has allowed organizations toIncrease their share of the global economyTransform the way they conduct businessBecome more efficient and effective CLOSING CASE ONE Tata’s Nano $2,500 CarHow can cultural and political issues affect Tata Motor’s Nano car?How would governance and compliance affect Tata Motors?Identify the different global system development issues Tata Motors might encounter as it deploys its NanoCLOSING CASE ONE Tata’s Nano $2,500 CarHow did Tata Motors use innovation to develop the Nano?How could Tata Motors use social networking to increase business?How could Tata Motors use virtual worlds such as Second Life to improve operations and increase sales?CLOSING CASE TWOGlobal GovernanceExplain governance and compliance and why they are important to any company looking to perform global businessHow can an organization use governance and compliance to help protect itself from global security breaches?CLOSING CASE TWOGlobal Governance If you were choosing between outsourcing to India or China, based on this case, which country would you choose and why?What types of ethical dilemmas might an organization face when dealing with IT governance in India or China?